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Our understanding of the climate and environmental impacts of shipping is far from complete, and there are many contentious issues in the negotiations on cuts in emissions.
By Stig B. Dalsøren and Jan S. Fuglestvedt
About 80% of the total volume of world trade is transported by sea, and international shipping performs relatively well in environmental terms if we consider emissions per unit of goods transported or per kilometre. However, volumes of trade, shipping and emissions to air have all been growing rapidly in recent decades. Since 2000 in particular, these trends have to a large extent been driven by economic development in countries such as China and India. From 1986 to 2006, emissions from shipping more than doubled, and now account for 3% of anthropogenic CO2 emissions globally, or about 20 times Norway’s total CO2 emissions.
As a result of the global financial crisis and the decline in trade in the last quarter of 2008, shipping grew rather less in 2008 than in previous years. In the long term, however, various scenarios suggest that without further regulation, emissions from shipping will be 150-250% higher in 2050 than in 2007. ...
http://www.cicero.uio.no/fulltext/index_e.aspx?id=8079
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